Encyclopedia on Political Economy / Land

LAND
to
LUXEMBOURG

The Encyclopedia on Political Economy

One of the School's objectives is to serve as a valuable resource for students, teachers, journalists, authors, researchers and anyone interested in the study of political economy.

CHECK THE SCHOOL'S ONLINE LIBRARY AND THE HISTORY OF THE GEORGIST MOVEMENT SECTIONS FOR ADDITIONAL BOOKS, PAPERS AND ARTICLES BY SOME AUTHORS.

Abu Dhabi - Austria	Baltic Republics - Business Cycles	Canada - Czechoslovakia
Denmark - Dominican Republic	Economics	...
ECONOMISTS
Australian - Swedish	United Kingdom	United States A-D
United States E-H	United States I-P	United States Q-Z
***
Ecuador - Europe-Eurasia	Financial Systems - France	Georgia - Guatemala
Historians - Hungary	Iceland - Italy	Jamaica - Jordan
Kenya - Kuwait	Land - Luxembourg	Malaysia - Mozambique
Nepal - Norway	Oman	Pakistan - Philippines
PHILOSOPHERS - SOCIO-POLITICAL
A-C	D-G	George, Henry - Essays on
George, Henry - Essays on, AJES	George, Henry - Writings of	G-L
M-R	S-Z
PHILOSOPHIES - SOCIO-POLITICAL
Anarchy - Conspiracy Theory	Cooperative Individualism	Enlightenment - Islamic Fundamentalism
Laissez Faire - Liberalism	Libertarianism	Relativism - Totalitarianism
***
Poland - Puerto Rico	Rights - Russia	Saudi Arabia - Singapore
South Africa - Syria	Taiwan - Turkey	Uganda - United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom - A-L	United Kingdom - M-Z	United Nations
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Conditions - Foreign Policy	Government	History
***
Uruguay - Virgin Islands	...	...
WEALTH
Distribution of	Production of	Taxation of
***
Yemen - Zimbabwe	...	...

LAND

Economic Analysis

Research Organizations

American Institute for Economic Research
... Great Barrington, Massachusetts

Centre for Economic Policy Research
... London, England

Economic Policy Institute
... Washington, DC

Homer Hoyt Institute
... North Palm Beach, Florida

Institute for New Economic Thinking
... Copenhagen, Denmark

Korea Economic Institute

Lincoln Institute of Land Policy
... Cambridge, Massachusettes

National Bureau of Economic Research
... United States

Peterson Institute for International Economics
... Washington, DC

Robert Schalkenbach Foundation
... Princeton, New Jersey

The German Economic Institute
... Cologne, Germany

Urban Institute
... Washington, DC

Urban Land Institute

Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs
... Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island

LAND

Ownership of

As a form of Privilege and Economic License

Commons and Enclosure in the Colonizaition of North America
... Allan Greer
The American Historical Review, Vol.117, No.2, April 2012, pp.365-386

Ethics, Community, and Private Land
... Eric T. Frefogle
Ecology Law Quarterly, Vol.23, No.4, 1996, pp.631-661

Fencing off Ideas: Enclosure & the Disappearance of the Public Domain
... James Boyle
Daedalus, Vol.131, No.2, Spring 2002, pp.13-25

On Monopoly Rent
... Alan W. Evans
Land Economics, Vol.67, No.1, February 1991, pp.1-14

On Monopoly Rent: Comment
... Fred E. Foldvary
Land Economics, Vol.69, No.1, February 1993, pp.108-110

On Monopoly Rent: Reply
... Alan W. Evans
Land Economics, Vol.69, No.1, February 1993, pp.111-112

Owning the Land: Four Contemporary Narratives
... Eric t. Freyfogle
Journal of Land Use & Environmental Law, Vol.13, No.2, Spring 1998, pp.279-307

Private Land Ownership and its Limitations
... Theodore M. Benditt
Public Affairs Quarterly, Vol.29, No.2, July 2015 pp.297-312

The Nature of Urban Land
... M.A. Qadeer
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.40, No.2, April 1981, pp.165-182

The Origin of Property in Land
... Galliard Thomas Lapsley
The American Historical Review, Vol.8, No.3, April 1903, pp. 426-448

LAND

Ownership of

By the Community or Society

Geopolitics of the Antarctic: The Land Is Free for Scientific Work But Its Wealth of Minerals Has Excited Imperialist Claims
... Joseph S. Roucek
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.45, No.1, January 1986, pp.69-77

Goodbye to the Public-Private Divide
... Eric T. Freyfogle
Environmental Law, Vol.36, No.1, Winter 2006, pp.7-24

How the Railroads Got Us On the Wrong Economic Track
... William Batt, Ph.D.
Torch Magazine, Winter 1997-1998

Spontaneous privatization of pulic urban land in Bandung, Indonesia
... Ari Nurman and Christian Lund
South East Asia Research, Vol.24 No.1, March 2016, pp.41-60

The Common Heritage of Mankind: Utopia or Reality?
... Alexandre Kiss
International Journal, Vol.40, No.3, Summer 1985, pp.423-441

The "common heritage of mankind" and the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention: principle, pain, or panacea?
... Uys van Zyi
The Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa, Vol.26, No.1, March 1993, pp.49-66

The Common Heritage of Mankind as a Legal Concept
... Rudolph Preston Arnold
The International Lawyer, Vol.9, No.1, January 1975 pp.153-158

The Common Heritage Principle: Anarctica and the Developing Nations
... Bernard P. Herber
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.50, No.4, October 1991, pp.391-406

Water Rights and the Common Wealth
... Eric T. Freyfogle
Environmental Law, Vol.26, No.1, Spring 1996, pp.27-51

LAND

Ownership of

For Speculation

The Consequences of Land Speculation are Tenantry and Debt on the Farms, and Slums and Luxury in the Cities
... Upton Sinclair
From: Enclaves of Economic Rent, 1924

George on Land Speculation and the Winner's Curse
... T. Nicolaus Tideman
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.63, No.5, November 2004, pp.1091-1095

Land Speculation
...Richard T. Ely
Journal of Farm Economics, Vol.2, No.3, July 1920, pp.121-135

Land Speculation
... Aaron Gilbreath
The North American Review, Vol.294, No.1, January-February 2009, pp.7-13

Land Speculation and Scattered Development; Failures in the Urban-Fringe Land Market
... R.W. Archer
Urban Studies, Vol.10, No.3, October 1973, pp.367-372

Market-Hampering Land Speculation: Fiscal and Monetary Origins and Remedies
... Fred E. Foldvary
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.57, No.4, October 1998, pp.615-637

Suburban Land Speculation
... Robert Whitten
The Journal of Land & Public Utility Economics, Vol.12, No.3, August 1936, pp.221-227

The Role of Land Speculation in Real Estate Cycles
... Stephen Malpezzi and Susan M. Wachter
Journal of Real Estate Literature, Vol.13, No.2, 2005, pp.143-164

Urban Sprawl and Speculation in Suburban Land
... Marion Clawson
Land Economics, Vol.38, No.2, May 1962, pp.99-111

LAND

Ownership of

For Speculation:
Case Studies / Britain

A Speculation in Monastic Lands
... G.W.O. Woodward
The English Historical Review, Vol.79, No.313, October 1964, pp.778-783

Land Speculation and the Settlement of Kent, 1738-1760
... Charles S. Grant
The New England Quarterly, Vol.28, No.1, March 1955, pp.51-71

Land Speculation and Urban Development: Contrasts in Southeast Essex, 1880-1940
... Hugh J. Gayler
Urban Studies, Vol.7, No.1, February 1970, pp.21-36

The Effects of Land Speculation on the Supply of Housing in England and Wales
... B.R. Davidson
Urban Studies, Vol.12, No.1, February 1975, pp.91-99

LAND

Ownership of

For Speculation:
Case Studies / China

Changing Land Policy and its Impact on Local Growth: The Experience of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, China, in the 1980s
... Jieming Zhu
Urban Studies, Vol.31, No.10, December 1994, pp.161-1623

Land Property Rights and Urbanization in China
... Li Xun, Xu Xianxiang and Li Zhigang
Processes and Policies, Spring 2010, pp.11-37

Land Reform in Kiaochow, China: From 1898 to 1914 the Menace of Disastrous Land Speculation Was Averted by Taxation
... Miachael Silagi and Susan N. Faulkner
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.43, No.2, April 1984, pp.167-177

LAND

Ownership of

For Speculation:
Case Studies / Japan

Japan's Urban Economy and Land Policy
... Takahiro Miyao
The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol.513, January 1991, pp.130-138

Land Problem in Japan
... Yukio Noguchi
Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, Vol.31, No.2, December 1990, pp.73-86

On the Fluctuation of Land Prices in Postwar Japan
... Hiroyuki Yamada
Kyoto University Economic Review, Vol.63, No.1, April 1993, pp.1-13

LAND

Ownership of

For Speculation:
Case Studies / United States

A Nation of Gamblers: Real Estate Speculation and American History
... Edwrd L. Glaeser
The American Economic Review, Vol.103, No.3, May 2013, pp.1-42

Early Land Speculation in West Texas
... Seymour V. Connor
The Southwestern Social Science Quarterly, Vol.42, No.4, March 1962, pp.354-362

Land Speculation as a Cause of the Texas Revolution
... Eugene C. Barker
The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Vol.10, No.1, July 1906, pp.76-95

Land Speculation in Southern California: Energy Monopoly, Fiscal Crisis and the Future
... Michael F. Sheehan
The American Journal of Economics andSociology, Vol.42, No.1, January 1983, pp.67-74

Land Speculation in Southern California: The Roles of Railroads, Trolly Lines and Autos
... Michael F. Sheehan
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.41, No.2, April 1982, pp.197-209

Land Speculation in Texas
... Seymour V. Connor
Southwest Review, Vol.39, No.2, Spring 1954, pp.138-143

Land Speculation, Popular Democracy and Political Transformation on the Tennessee Frontier, 1780-1800
... Kristofer Ray
Tennessee Historical Quarterly, Vol.61, No.3, Fall 2002, pp.161-181

Pioneers and Profiteers: Land Speculation and the Homesteead Ethic in Frontier Kentucky
... Stephen Aron
The Western Historical Quarterly, Vol.23, No.2, May 1992, pp.179-198

Riches, Real Estate, and Resistance: How Land Speculation, Debt, and Trade Monopolies Led to the American Revolution
... Thomas D. Curtis
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.73, No.3, Annual Supplement, July 2014, pp.474-626

The Equity Effects of Public Land Speculation in Iowa: Large versus Small Speculators
... Robert P. Swierenga
The Journal of Economic History, Vol.34, No.4, December 1974, pp.1008-1020

LAND

Ownership of

Patterns:
Global (including the United States)

Land Grab and Institutional Legacy of Colonialism: The Case of Sudan
... Christopher Zambakari
Consilience, No.18, 2017, pp.193-204

Land Ownership and Black Economic Development
... Edward J. Pennick
The Black Scholar, Vol.21, No.1, Januaryh-March 1990, pp.43-46

Ownership and Distribution of Land
... K.N. Raj
Indian Economic Review, Vol.5, No.1, April 1970, pp.1-37, 41-42

Who Owns the Land: A Preliminary report of a U.S. Landownership Survey, U.S. Department of Agriculture, September, 1979

Who owns land in Africa?
... Spore, No.48, December 1993, pp.1-4

Who Owns Land in Zimbabwe? In Africa?
... Michelo Hansungule
International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, Vol.7, No.4, 2000, pp.305-340

Who Owns the Agricultural Land in the United States
... George S. Wehrwein
Journal of Farm Economics, Vol.4, No.1, January 1922, pp.34-41

Who Owns the United States?
... Will Lissner
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.37, No.4, October 1978, pp.395-396

Women's Landownership in Dakota Indian, Immigrant Scandinavian, and African American Communities
... Karen V. Hansen, Grey Osterud, and Valerie Grim
Great Plains Quarterly, Vol.38, No.3, Summer 2018, pp.251-272

Women's Land Rights and Working Conditions in Large-Scale Plantations in Sub-Saharan Africa
... Lotsmart Fonjong
Africa Development, Vol.41, No.3, 2016, pp.49-69

LAND

Reform Movements

Access to Land a Root Cause of War
... Roy Douglas
Land and Liberty, July-August, 1985

Land Ownership and Tenure Reforms
... Folke Dovring
Illinois Agricultural Economics, Vol.4, No.3, December 1964, pp.94-102

Land Reform and Rural Territories: Experiences from Brazil and South Africa
... Julian Quan
International Institute for Environment and Development, 1 February, 2008

Land Reform in South Vietnam, 1956-1968
... David A. Conrad
The Journal of American-East Asian Relations, Vol.21, No.1, 2014, pp.34-57

Liberation from Constitutional Constraints: Land Reform in Zimbabwe
... Norma Kriger
The SAIS Review of International Affairs, Vol.27, No.2, Summer-Fall 2007, pp.63-76

Lineage Ownership to Individual Rights: Social History of "Jamma" Land Tenure in Kodagu
... M.A. Kalam
Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.51, No.26/27, 25 June - 2 July, 2016, pp.93-100

Prospects for the Social Transformation of Latin America
... James L. Busey
Discussion Paper No.4 of the Economic and Social Science Research Association Ltd., London, 1985

The Land Question in Nineteenth Century Wales, Ireland and Scotland
... David W. Howell
The Agricultural History Review, Vol.61, No.1, 2013, pp.83-110

LAND

Use and Development

Agriculture:
Global

Agricultural Production Potential in Southern Cone: Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay
... Alvaro Durand-Morat
Choices, Vol.34, No.3, 3rd Quarter 2009, pp.1-7

Explaining Agricultural and Agrarian Policies in Developing Countriese
... Hans P. Binswanger and Klaus Deininger
Journal of Economic Literature, Vol.35, No.4, December 1997, pp.1958-2005

Export Agriculture and the Expansion of Urban Slum Areas
... Raymond E. Crist
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.48, No.2, April 1989, pp.143-149

Obstacles to Small Farm Development in the Commonwealth Caribbean
... John Richard Heath
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.47, No.4, October 1989, pp.427-440

Population Migration Away from Agriculture in Japan
... Ryoshin Minami
Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol.15, No.2, January 1967, pp.183-201

The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development
... Bruce F. Johnston and John W. Mellor
The American Economic Review, Vol.51, No.4, September, 1961, pp.566-593

Transforming Agriculture in Africa and Asia: What are the policy priorities?
... David Laborde, Tess Lallement, Kieran McDougal, Carin Smaller and Fousseini Traore
International Institute for Sustainable Development, 1 September, 2019

LAND

Use and Development

Agriculture
United States

American Farms Keep Growing: Size, Productivity, and Policy
... Daniel A. Sumner
The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol.28, No.1, Winter 2014, pp.147-166

Development Rights and the Differential Assessment of Agricultural Land: Fractional Valuation of Farmland Is Ineffective for Preserving Open Space and Subsidizes Speculation
... Robert A. Blewett and Julia I. Lane
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.47, No.2, April 1988, pp.195-205

Foreign Investment in U.S. Agricultural Land -- Issues and Perspectives
... Carole Frank Nuckton and B. Delworth Gardner
Journal of ASFMRA, Vol.43, No.1, April 1979, pp.41-49

Foreign Investment in U.S. Agricultural Lands: An Overview of the National Issue and a Case Study of Vermont
... Mark B. Lapping and Margaret Lecko
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.42, No.3, July 1983, pp.291-304

Restriction of Farm Ownership as Rent-seeking Behavior: Family Farmers Have It Their Way
... David N. Laband
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.43, No.2, April 1984, pp.179-189

LAND

Use and Development

Government Regulation
Global

Global Land Use Change, Economic Globalization, and the Looming Land Scarcity
... Eric F. Lambin and Patrick Meyfroidt
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol.108, No.9, 1 March, 2011, pp.3465-3472

Land Economics
... Richard T. Ely, etal.
The American Economic Review, Vol.18, No.1, March 1928, pp.5-17

Pre-emption and Private Land Ownership in Modern Egypt: No Revival of Islamic Legal Tradition
... Satoe Horii
Islamic Law and Society, Vol.18, No.2, 2011, pp.177-218

LAND

Use and Development

Government Regulation
United States

Deregulating Land Use: An Alternative Free Enterprise Development System
... Douglas W. Kmiec
University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol.130, No.1, November 1981, pp.28-130

Environmental Land Use Restruction and Property Values
... Jeffrey A. Michael and Raymond b. Palmquist
Vermont Journal of Environmental Law, Vol.11, No.3, Spring 2010, pp.437-464

Four Maxims for Research on Land-Use Controls
... William A. Fischel
Land Economics, Vol.66, No.3, August 1990, pp.229-236

Land Use Planning Perspectives
... Marvin Duncan
Journal of ASFMRA, Vol.41, No.1, April 1977, pp.59-67

Public Control of Land Use in the United States
... George S. Wehrwein
Journal of Farm Economics, Vol.21, No.1, February 1939, pp.74-85

The Effects of Land Use Regulation on the Price of Housing: What Do We Know? What Can We Learn?
... John M. Quigley and Larry A. Rosenthal
Cityscape, Vol.8, No.1, 2005, pp.69-137

The Role of the Local Comprehensive Plan in Land Use Regulation
... Daniel R. Mandelker
Michigan Law Review, Vol.74, No.5, April 1976, pp.899-973

LAND

Use and Development

Mining, Grazing, and Forestry
Global (including United States)

Environmental Assessment in Marine Areas Beyond National Jurisdictin: Practice and Prospects
... Robin Warner
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law, Vol.111, 12-15 April, 2017, pp.252-255

Environmental Regulation and U.S. Economic Growth
... Dale W. Jorgenson and Peter J. Wilcoxen
The RAND Journal of Economics, Vol.21, No.2, Summer 1990, pp.314-340

International FGLG work in Social Justice in Forestry
... James Mayers
From: Social Justice in Forestry, International Institute for Environment and Development, 1 September, 2014

Opportunities and Constraints to Community Forestry: Experience from Malinau
... Godwin Limberg, Ramses Iwan, Eva Wollenberg and Moira Moeliono
Center for International Forestry Research, 1 August, 2005

Regulation and the Role of Trust: Reflections from the Mining Industry
... Neil Gunningham and Darren Sinclair
Journal of Law and Society, Vol.36, No.2, June 2009, pp.167-194

The Role of the International Seabed Authority in the Implementation of "Due Regard" Obligations Under the LOSC: Addressing Conflicting Activities
... Yu Long
The Journal of Territorial and Maritime Studies, Vol.8, No.1, Winter-Spring 2021, pp.27-46

LAND

Use and Development

Preservation Efforts:
Global

Community Land Reserves
... Shirish B. Patel
Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.50, No.46/47, 21 November, 2015, pp.21-23

Community Land Trusts: A Promising Alternative for Affordable Housing
... Stacey Janeda Pastel
Journal of Land Use & Environmental Law, Vol.6, No.2, Spring 1991, pp.293-320

Preservation of Open Space and the Concept of Value
... David Berry
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.35, No.2, April 1976, pp.113-124

The Economics of Environmental Preservation: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis
... Anthony C. Fisher, John V. Krutilla and Charles J. Cicchetti
The American Economic Review, Vol.62, No.4, September 1972, pp.605-619

The Effects of Open Space on Residential Property Values
... Elena G. Irwin
Land Economics, Vol.78, No.4, November 2002, pp.465-480

LAND

Use and Development

Sprawl
Global (including United States)

Density and Urban Sprawl
... Richard B. Peiser
Land Economics, Vol.65, No.3, August 1989, pp.193-204

Flawed Federal Land Use Report Encourages Unnecessary Spending
... Wendell Cox and Ronald D. Utt
Heritage Foundation, 8 May 2000

Growth Controls and Land Values in an Open City
... Jan K. Brueckner
Land Economics, Vol.66, No.3, August 1990, pp.237-248

Impacts of Urban Containment Policies on the Spatial Structure of US Metropolitan Areas
... Myungje Woo and Jean-Michel Guldmann
Urban Studies, Vol.48, No.16, December 2011, pp.3511-3536

Land: The Boom That Really Hurts
... Max Ways
Fortune, July 1973

Stemming Sprawl: The Fiscal Approach
... H. William Batt
Chapter 10, of the book Suburban Sprawl: Culture, Theory and Politics, 2003

The Price Effects of Urban Growth Boundaries in Metropolitan Portland, Oregon
... Gerrit J. Knaap
Land Economics, Vol.61, No.1, February 1985, pp.26-35

Smart Growth: Urban Growth Management and Land-Use Regulation Law in America
... James A. Kushner
The Urban Lawyer, Vol.32, No.2, Spring 2000, pp.211-238

Urban Sprawl
... Thomas J. Newchyba and Randall P. Walsh
The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol.18, No4, Autumn 2004, pp.177-200

LAND

Valuation of

Theoretical Methodology

Approaches to Land Valuation
... Michael E. Bell and John H. Bowman
From: Methods of Valuing Land for Real Property Taxation: An Examination of Practices in States that Require Separate Valuation of Land and Improvements, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 1 January, 2006

Explorations in Urban Land Economics
... Mason Gaffney
A paper delivered at a conference held at the University of Hartford, 15 November, 1969

Land Valuation and The Everyday Land Market
... Robert L. Tontz
Journal of ASFMRA, Vol.19, No.2, October 1955, pp.24-29

Land Valuation Methods
... Jeff Wuensch, Frank Kelly, and Thomas Hamilton
Land Value Taxation Views, Concepts and Methods: A Primer, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 1 January, 2000

Land Value: Seven Major Questions in the Analysis of Urban Land Values
... Unsal Ozdilek
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.70, No.1, January 2011, pp.30-49

The Need For a Land Price Index
... Henry S. Reuss
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.39, No.1, January 1980, pp.107-109

The Relationship between Amenities and Urban Land Prices
... Douglas B. Diamond, Jr.
Land Economics, Vol.56, No.1, February 1980, pp.21-32

The Valuation of Undeveloped Land: A Reconciliation of Methods
... Karl L. Guntermann
The Journal of Real Estate Research, Vol.9, NO.2, Spring 1994, pp.169-177

LAOS

Current Conditions

Laos
... Wikipedia

Laos in 2014: Deepening Chinese Influence
... Samuel C.Y. Ku
Asian Survey, Vol.55, No.1, January-February 2015, pp.214-219

Laos in 2019: Moving Heaven and Earth on the Mekong
... Geoffrey C. Gunn
Southeast Asian Affairs, 2020, pp.175-188

Regime Renewal in Laos: The Tenth Congress of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party
... Soulatha Sayalath and Simon Creak
Southeast Asian Affairs, 2017, pp.179-200

LAOS

History

History of Laos
... Britannica

Marxism and the History of the Nationalist Movements in Laos
... C.J. Christie
Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, Vol.10, No.1, March 1979, pp.146-158

LATVIA

Current Conditions

Environmentalism in Latvia: Two Realities
... Ivars Pavasars
Journal of Baltic Studies, Vol.45, No.1, March 2014, pp.39-55

Latvia
... Wikipedia

Latvia: Becoming European
... Ilvia Bruge
From: Keeping Europeans Together: Assessing the STate of EU Cohesion, European Council on Foreign Relations

Latvia: EU Presidency at a Time of Geopolitical Crisis
... Kristine Berzina
From: A Region Disunited? Central European Responses to the Russia-Ukraine Crisis, German Marshall Fund of the United States, 1 February, 2015

LATVIA

History

History of Latvia
... Wikipedia

Latvia's Unique Path Toward Independence: The Challenges Associated With the Transition from a Soviet Republic to an Independent State
... Vola Olga King
International Social Science Review, Vol.87, No.3/4, 2012, pp.127-154

Perspectives of the Cultural History in Latvia: The 20th Century and Beyond
... Martins Mintaurs
From: Cultural History in Europe: Institutions -- Themes -- Perspectives, Transcript Verlag, 2011

LAW

Constitutional

Global

A New Approach to the Study of Constitutional Government in China
... Jiang Shigong
Modern China, Vol.36, No.1, January 2010, pp.12-46

An "International Constitutional Law"?
... Torkel Opsahl
The International Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol.10, No.4, October 1961, pp.760-784

Britain's Constitutional Revolution
... Donley T. Studlar
Harvard International Review, Vol.21, No.2, Spring 1999, pp.48-52

Constitutional Law
... K. Prahalad Bhat
National Law School of India Review, Vol.26, No.2, 2014, pp.102-104

Globalization of Constitutional Law through comparative Constitution-making
... Francois Venter
Law and Politics in Africa, Asia and Latin America, Vol.41, No.1, 2008, pp.16-31

The Evolution and Ideology of Global Constitutionalism
... David S. Law and Mila Versteeg
California Law Review, Vol.99, No.5, October 2011, pp.163-1257

The Judicial Power under Irish Constitutional Law
... J.P. Casey
The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol.24, No.2, April 1975, pp.305-324

What Is a Political Constitution?
... Graham Gee and Gregoire C.N. Webber
Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, Vol.30, No.2, Summer 2010, pp.273-299

LAW

Constitutional

United States

American Land Sovereignty Protection Act
... Donald E. Young
Report to the U.S. House of Representatives Report, May 1999

Completing the Constitution: The Fourteenth Amendment and Constitutional Rights
... Michale P. Zuckert
Publius, Vol.22, No.2, Spring 1992, pp.69-91

Constitutional Law in an Age of Proportionality
... Vicki C. Jackson
The Yale Law Journal, Vol.124, No.8, June 2015, pp.3094-3196

Direct Taxation: Unconstitutional
... Brad Barnhill
May 1999

Early Drafts of the U.S. Constitution
... William Ewald and Lorianne Updike Toler
The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.135, No.3, July 2011, pp.227-238

Institutions and the Second Amendment
... Darrell A.H. Miller
Duke Law Journal, Vol.66, No.1, October 2016, pp.69-119

Reflections on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution
... Thurgood Marshall
Harvard Law Review
, Vol.101, No.1, November 1987, pp.1-5

The Constitution of the United States of America
... William Jackson
The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol.185, May 1936 pp.201-211

The Constitutional Law of Congressional Procedure
... Adrian Vermeule
The University of Chicago Law Review, Vol.71, No.2, Spring 2004, pp.361-437

The Thirteenth Amendment and Slavery in the Global Economy
... Tobias Barrington Wolff
Columbia Law Review, Vol.102, No.4, May 2002, pp.973-1050

Toward Neutral Principles of Constitutional Law
... Herbert Wechsler
Harvard Law Review, Vol.73, No.1, November, 1959, pp.1-35

LAW

Natural

Aquinas's Natural Law Theory
... Mark Dimmock and Andrew Fisher
From: Ethics for A-Level
, 2017

Aristotle and Natural Law
... Tony Burns
History of Political Thought
, Vol.19, No.2, Summer 1998, pp.142-166

Cicero and Natural Law
... Fernando H. Llano Alonso
Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy
, Vol.98, No.2, 2012, pp.157-168

From Natural Law to Human Rights: Or, Why Rights Talk Matters
... Jean Porter
Journal of Law and Religion
, Vol.14, No.1, 1999-2000, pp.77-96

Locke, Natural Law and God -- Again
... Francis Oakley
History of Political Thought
, Vol.18, No.4, Winter 1997, pp.624-651

Natural Law and the Rise of Economic Individualism in England
... Alfred F. Chalk
Journal of Political Economy
, Vol.59, No.4, August 1951, pp.332-347

Natural Rights, Natural Law, and American Constiutions
... Philip A. Hamburger
The Yale Law Journal
, Vol.102, No.4, Janury 1993, pp.907-960

On the Meaning of Natural Law
... Edward J. Dodson
An exchange of views between Milton Rothman and Edward J. Dodson that appeared in the Philadelphia weekly newspaper, The Welcomat, in October and November, 1991. Mr. Rothman's commentary appeared on 23 October, 1991.

On Thomas Hobbes's Fallible Natural Law Theory
... Michael Cuffaro
History of Philosophy Quarterly
, Vol.28, No.2, April 2011, pp.175-190

Rousseau's Theory of Natural Law as Conditional
... John B. Noone, Jr.
Journal of the History of Ideas
, Vol.33, No.1, January-March 1972, pp.23-42

The American Revolution and Natural Law Theory
... Lester H. Cohen
Journal of the History of Ideas
, Vol.39, No.3, July-September 1978, pp.491-502

The Practical Difference between Natural-Law Theory and Legal Positivism
... Deryck Beyleveld and Roger Brownsword
Oxford Journal of Legal Studies
, Vol.5, No.1, Spring 1985, pp.1-32

The Weak Natural Law Thesis and The Common Good
... George Duke
Law and Philosophy
, Vol.35, No.5, October 2016, pp.485-509

Understanding Natural Law
... Christopher Wolfe
The Good Sciety
, Vol.12, No.3, 2003, pp.38-42

We Hold These Truths
... Mortimer J. Adler
The Phi Delta Kappan
, Vol.69, No.4, December 1987, pp.268-274

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

Airwaves

Assigning Property Rights to Radio Spectrum Users: Why Did FCC License Auctions Take 67 Years?
... Thomas W. Hazlett
The Journal of Law & Economics, Vol.41, No.S2, October 1998, pp.529-576

Broadcast License Auctions and the Demise of Public Interest Regulation
... David Seth Zlotlow
California Law Review, Vol.92, No.3, May 2004, pp.885-925

Increasing the Efficiency of Spectrum Allocation
... Gregory L. Rosston
Review of Industrial Organization, Vol.45, No.3, November 2014, pp.221-243

Policing Speech on the Airwaves: Granting Rights, Preventing Wrongs
... Maria L. Marcus
Yale Law & Policy Review, Vol.15, No.2, 1997, pp.447-501

The Public Airwaves: What Does the Public Interest Require of Television Broadcasters
... Reed E. Hundt
Duke Law Journal, Vol.45, No.6, April 1996, pp.1089-1129

The Conduct of Auctions for Broadcast Franchises
... Martin Cave
Fiscal Studies, Vol.10, No.1, February 1989, pp.17-31

The Rationality of U.S. Regulation of the Broadcast Spectrum
... Thomas W. Hazlett
The Journal of Law & Economics, Vol.33, No.1, April 1990, pp.133-175

The Rise of Private Property Rights in the Broadcast Spectrum
... Krystilyn Corbett
Duke Law Journal, Vol.46, No.3, December, 1996, pp.611-650

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

Corporate Responsibility

Buildng a New Institutional Infrastructure for Corporate Responsibility
... Sandra Waddock
Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol.22, No.3, August 2008, pp.87-108

Corporate Responsibility and Climate Change
... Graham Bradley
Journal of International Affairs, Vol.73, No.1, Fall 2019/Winter 2020, pp.155-160

Economic Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility
... Markus Kitzmueller and Jay Shimshack
Journal of Economic Literature, Vol.50, No.1, March 2012, pp.51-84

Friedman's Theory of Corporate Social Responsibility
... Thomas Carson
Business & Professional Ethics Journal, Vol.12, No.1, Spring 1993, pp.3-32

"Implicit" and "Explicit" CSR: A Conceptual Framework for a Comparative Understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility
... Dirk Matten and Jeremy Moon
The Academy of Management Review, Vol.33, No.2, April 2008, pp.404-424

The Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights
... Jeffrey S. Collins
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law, Vol.108, 2014, pp.8-11

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

General Information

Common Law and Statute Law
... Paul H. Rubin
The Journal of Legal Studies
, Vol.11, No.2, June 1982, pp.205-223

Natural and Positive Law as Viewed from General Value Theory
... Ralph Slovenko
Journal of Legal Education
, Vol.10, No.1, 1957, pp.47-61

Positive Law and International Law
... Roberto Ago
The American Journal of International Law
, Vol.51, No.4, October 1957, pp.691-733

Positive Law and Natural Law
... Sergio Cotta
The Review of Metaphysics
, Vol.37, No.2, December 1983, pp.265-285

Public Policy in the English Common Law
... Percy H. Winfield
Harvard Law Review
, Vol.42, No.1, November 1928, pp.76-102

Statutory Law
... Wikipedia

The Civil Law and the Common Law
... Peter J. Hamilton
Harvard Law Review
, Vol.36, No.2, December 1922, pp.180-192

The Civil Law and the Common Law: Some Points of Comparison
... Joseph Dainow
The American Journal of Comparative Law
, Vol.15, No.3, 1966-1967, pp.419-435

The Common Law in the United States
... Harlan F. Stone
Harvard Law Review
, Vol.50, No.1, November 2936, pp.4-26

The English Common Law in the United Statese
... Herbert Pope
Harvard Law Review
, Vol.24, No.1, November 1910, pp.6-30

The Genesis of Positive Law
... Iredell Jenkins
Archies for Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy
, Vol.50, No.1, 1964, pp.1-21

What Is Positive Law?
... Philippe Nonet
The Yale Law Journal
, Vol.100, No.3, December 1990, pp.667-699

What Is the Common Law?
... John S. Ewart
Columbia Law Review
, Vol.4, No.2, February 1904, pp.116-126

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

Immigration

Constructing America: Mythmaking in U.S. Immigration Courts
... Margot K. Mendelson
The Yale Law Journal, Vol.119, No.5, March 2010, pp.1012-1058

Immigration, Free Movement and the EU Referendum
... Jonathan Portes
National Institute Economic Review, Vol.236, May 2016, pp.14-22

Immigration to the United States
... Wikipedia

Immigration Law 101
... Joshua Daley Paulin
GPSolo, Vol.30, No.5, September-October 2013, pp.12-15

Immigration Outside the Law
... Hiroshi Motomura
Columbia Law Review, Vol.108, No.8, December 2008, pp.2037-2097

Tackling the Migrant Wave: EU as a Source and a Manager of Crisis
... Fulvio Attina
Revista Espanola de Derecho Internacional, Vol.70, No.2, July-December 2018, pp.49-70

The Architecture of Race in American Immigration Law: A Reexamination of the Immigration Act of 1924
... Mae M. Ngai
The Journal of American History, Vol.86, No.1, June 1999, pp.67-92

The Chinese Exclusion Example: Race, Immigration, and American Gatekeeping, 1882-1924
... Erika Lee
Journal of American Ethnic History, Vol.21, No.3, Spring 2002, pp.36-62

The Economic Effects of Immigration into the United Kingdom
... David Coleman and Robert Rowthorn
Population and Development Review, Vol.30, No.4, December 2004, pp.579-624

The New Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States
... The New Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States
Population and Development Review, Vol.21, No.3, September 1995, pp.631-652

The Social and Economic Origins of Immigration
... Douglas S. Massey
The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol.510, July 1990, pp.60-72

Theories of International Immigration Policy -- A Comparative Analysis
... Eytan Meyers
The International Migration Review, Vol.34, No.4, Winter 2000, pp.1245-1282

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

Law of the Sea

Establishing the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
... Shabtai Rosenne
The American Journal of International Law
, Vol.89, No.4, October 1995, pp.806-814

International Law of the Sea
... Michael A. Becker and Ernesto J. Sanchez
The International Lawyer
, Vol.44, No.1, Spring 2010, pp.519-533

Recent Developments in the International Law of the Sea
... Houston putnam Lowry
The International Lawyer
, Vol.35, No.2, Summer 2001, pp.787-792

The First Five Years of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea: An Overview
... Robert Hessel van Dijk
Security and Peace
, Vol.20, No.1, 2002, pp.36-41

LAW

Positive

Property and Torts

A Public Choice Analysis of the Evolution of Tort Law: Liabilities, Lotteries, and Redistribution
... William T. Harris
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.51, No.1, January 1992, pp.101-108

A Public Choice Analysis of the Evolution of Tort Law: A Comment
... Thomas J. Miceli and Kathleen Segerson
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.52, No.1, January 1993, pp.79-83

An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Intellectual Property
... Stanley M. Besen and Leo J. Raskind
The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol.5, No.1, Winter 1991, pp.3-27

Intellectual Property Law
... Michael R. Patrick
GPSolo, Vol.30, No.2, March-April 2013, pp.16-19

International Intellectual Property Law
... Melvyn J. Simburg, etal.
The International Lawyer, Vol.45, No.1, Spring 2011, pp.205-221

Property as the Law of Things
... Henry E. Smith
Harvard Law Review, Vol.125, No.7, May 2012, pp.1691-1726

The Foundations of Property and Property Law
... S. Coval, J.C. Smith and Simon Coval
The Cambridge Law Journal, Vol.45, No.3, November 1986, pp.457-475

LEBANON

Current Conditions

Economy of Lebanon
... Wikipedia

Lebanon
... Wikipedia

Lebanon 2006-2016: Deterrence is an Elusive Concept
... Yaakov Amidror
Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, 10 July, 2016

Southern Lebanon: The Land of Three Armies
... Assaf Orion
Institute for National Security Studies, 2 July, 2019

What's Next For Lebanon?: Stability and Security Challenges
... Elliott Abrams
Council on Foreign Relations, 21 March, 2018

LEBANON

History

Beirut, Capital of Trade and Culture (1820-1918)
... Fawwaz Traboulsi
From: A History of Modern Lebanon, 2012

From Mandate to Independence (1920-1943)
... Fawwaz Traboulsi
From: A History of Modern Lebanan, 2012

History of Lebanon
... Wikipedia

The Role of Foreign Powers in the History of Lebanon and Syria from 1799 to 1861
... Alfred Schlicht
Journal of Asian History, Vol.14, No.2, 1980, pp.97-126

LIBERIA

Current Conditions

Governance and Health in Liberia
... Edward Mulbah
From: Governance and Health in Post-Conflict Countries: The Ebola Outbreak in Liberia and Sierra Leone, International Peace Institute, 1 June, 2016

Liberia
... Wikipedia

Liberia: Overview of corruption and anti-corruption
... Krista Lee-Jones, etal.
Transparency International, 7 September, 2019

LIBERIA

History

History of Liberia
... Wikipedia

History, Politics, and Economic Development in Liberia
... George Dalton
The Journal of Economic History, Vol.25, No.4, December 1965, pp.569-591

The Legal History of Public Land in Liberia
... Caleb J. Stevens
Journal of African Law, Vol.58, No.2, 2014, pp.250-265

LIBYA

Current Conditions

After Qaddafi: The Surprising Success of the New Libya
... Dirk Vandewalle
Foreign Affairs, Vol.91, No.6, November-December 2012, pp.8-15

Geostrategic Dimensions of Libya's Civil War
... Tarek Megerisi
Africa Center for Strategic Studies, 1 May, 2020

Libya
... David Forscey
Third Way, 24 May, 2016

Libya
... Wikipedia

Libya: A Nation Suspended Between Past and Future
... Federica Saini Fasanotti
Studia Diplomatica, Vol.68, No.4, 2017, pp.95-104

The Rise and Fall of ISIS in Libya
... Azeem Ibrahim
Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 7 August, 2020

LIBYA

History

An Agenda for Research in History: The History of Libya between the Sixteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
... Rifaat ABou-El-Haj
International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol.15, No.3, August 1983, pp.305-319

History of Libya
... Wikipedia

Libya -- Road to Dysfunctionality
... Wieslaw Lizak
Politeja, Vol.56, 2018, pp.23-40

Tribes in Libya: From Social Organization to Political Power
... Haala Hweio
African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review, Vol.2, No.1, Spring 2012, pp.111-121

LITHUANIA

Current Conditions

Lithuania
... Wikipedia

Lithuania
... Bing Yuan, Katrina Connolly and Michael E. Bell
From: A Compendium of Countries with an Area-Based Property Tax, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 1 January, 2009

Lithuania
... Rita Griguolaite
European State Aid Law Quarterly, Vol.18, No.2, 2019, pp.208-211

Lituania: Searching for Security
... Laurynus Jonavicius
From: Keeping Europeans Together: Assessing the State of EU Cohesion, European Council on Foreign Relations, 1 September, 2016

LITHUANIA

History

Claiming a Great Ancient Imperial Past as an Identity Element of a Small Modern Nation: The Case of Lithuania
... Zenonas Norkus and Aelita Ambruleviciute
From: National Stereotyping, Identity Politics, European Crises, Brill, 2021, pp.31-50

Facing History in Lithuania
... Ellen Cassedy
Bridges, Vol.12, No.2, Autumn 2007, pp.77-85

History of Lithuania
... Wikipedia

LUXEMBOURG

Current Conditions

Luxembourg
... Wikipedia

Luxembourg
... P.K. Brown and M.A. Hepworth
From: A Study of European Land Tax Systems: Second Year Report, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 1 January, 2002

Luxembourg: Comfortably Cohesive
... Martine Huberty
From: Keeping Europeans Together: Assessing the State of EU Cohesion, European Council on Foreign Relations

Land Tax and the Mobilization of Land and Housing
... Explanation of proposed legislation issued by the Luxembourg government, 2 September, 2023

LUXEMBOURG

History

History of Luxembourg
... Wikipedia

LAND to LUXEMBOURG

The Encyclopedia on Political Economy

LAND

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Ownership of

LAND

Reform Movements

LAND

Use and Development

LAND

Use and Development

LAND

Use and Development

LAND

Use and Development

LAND

Use and Development

LAND

Use and Development

LAND

Use and Development

LAND

Current Conditions

History

Current Conditions

History

LAW

LAW

Constitutional

LAW

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

LAW

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

LAW

Positive, Civil and Common

LAW

Positive

Current Conditions

History

Current Conditions

History

Current Conditions

History

Current Conditions

History

Current Conditions

History

LAND
to
LUXEMBOURG